Search results for " inversion"

showing 10 items of 167 documents

Genome architecture enables local adaptation of Atlantic cod despite high connectivity

2017

Adaptation to local conditions is a fundamental process in evolution; however, mechanisms maintaining local adaptation despite high gene flow are still poorly understood. Marine ecosystems provide a wide array of diverse habitats that frequently promote ecological adaptation even in species characterized by strong levels of gene flow. As one example, populations of the marine fish Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) are highly connected due to immense dispersal capabilities but nevertheless show local adaptation in several key traits. By combining population genomic analyses based on 12K single-nucleotide polymorphisms with larval dispersal patterns inferred using a biophysical ocean model, we show…

/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_below_waterecological adaptationGadus morhuachromosomal inversionpopulation divergenceSDG 14 - Life Below Watergene flow
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Optimal modalities for radiative transfer-neural network estimation of canopy biophysical characteristics: Evaluation over an agricultural area with …

2011

International audience; Neural networks trained over radiative transfer simulations constitute the basis of several operational algorithms to estimate canopy biophysical variables from satellite reflectance measurements. However, only little attention was paid to the training process which has a major impact on retrieval performances. This study focused on the several modalities of the training process within neural network estimation of LAI, FCOVER and FAPAR biophysical variables. Performances were evaluated over both actual experimental observations and model simulations. The SAIL and PROSPECT radiative transfer models were used here to simulate the training and the synthetic test dataset…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesComputer scienceGaussian0211 other engineering and technologiesSoil ScienceCANOPY BIOPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS02 engineering and technologyNEURAL NETWORK01 natural sciencesTransfer functionsymbols.namesakeAtmospheric radiative transfer codesRadiative transferRange (statistics)Sensitivity (control systems)Computers in Earth Sciences021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingArtificial neural networkGeologySigmoid functionRELATION SOL-PLANTE-ATMOSPHEREMODEL INVERSION[SDE]Environmental SciencessymbolsINDICE FOLIAIRE
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Mapping Vegetation Density in a Heterogeneous River Floodplain Ecosystem Using Pointable CHRIS/PROBA Data

2012

River floodplains in the Netherlands serve as water storage areas, while they also have the function of nature rehabilitation areas. Floodplain vegetation is therefore subject to natural processes of vegetation succession. At the same time, vegetation encroachment obstructs the water flow into the floodplains and increases the flood risk for the hinterland. Spaceborne pointable imaging spectroscopy has the potential to quantify vegetation density on the basis of leaf area index (LAI) from a desired view zenith angle. In this respect, hyperspectral pointable CHRIS data were linked to the ray tracing canopy reflectance model FLIGHT to retrieve vegetation density estimates over a heterogeneous…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesFloodplainWater flowpointable sensors; CHRIS/PROBA; leaf area index (LAI); inversion; radiative transfer (RT) model; FLIGHT; river floodplain ecosystem; vegetation density; hydraulic roughnessleaf area index (LAI)0211 other engineering and technologiesClimate change02 engineering and technologyCHRIS/PROBA01 natural sciencesforestinversionLaboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote SensingLaboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote SensingLeaf area indexcoverlcsh:ScienceZenithriver floodplain ecosystem021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensinggeographychris-proba datahyperspectral brdf datageography.geographical_feature_categoryFLIGHTFlood mythrhine basinradiative-transfer modelHyperspectral imagingEnhanced vegetation index15. Life on landpointable sensorsPE&RCradiative transfer (RT) modelsugar-beetclimate-changeGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental sciencehydraulic roughnesslcsh:Qflow resistanceleaf-area indexvegetation densityRemote Sensing
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GIGJ: a crustal gravity model of the Guangdong Province for predicting the geoneutrino signal at the JUNO experiment

2019

Gravimetric methods are expected to play a decisive role in geophysical modeling of the regional crustal structure applied to geoneutrino studies. GIGJ (GOCE Inversion for Geoneutrinos at JUNO) is a 3D numerical model constituted by ~46 x 10$^{3}$ voxels of 50 x 50 x 0.1 km, built by inverting gravimetric data over the 6{\deg} x 4{\deg} area centered at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment, currently under construction in the Guangdong Province (China). The a-priori modeling is based on the adoption of deep seismic sounding profiles, receiver functions, teleseismic P-wave velocity models and Moho depth maps, according to their own accuracy and spatial resolution. …

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesGeoneutrinogeophysical uncertaintieInverse transform samplingFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesBayesian methodUpper middle and lower crustStandard deviationNOSouth China BlockmiddlePhysics - GeophysicsMonte Carlo stochastic optimizationGOCE data gravimetric inversionGeophysical uncertaintiesGeochemistry and PetrologyEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)Bayesian method; geophysical uncertainties; GOCE data gravimetric inversion; Monte Carlo stochastic optimization; South China Block; upper middle and lower crustImage resolution0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSubdivisionJiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatoryupper and middle and lower crustbusiness.industrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleCrustupperGeodesy[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph]Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)and lower crustDepth soundingGeophysics13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary SciencebusinessGeologyBayesian method geophysical uncertainties GOCE data gravimetric inversion Monte Carlo stochastic optimization South China Blockupper and middle and lower crust
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Empirical and physical estimation of Canopy Water Content from CHRIS/PROBA data

2013

20 páginas, 4 tablas, 7 figuras.

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMean squared errorScience0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyCHRIS/PROBA01 natural sciencescanopy water content;model inversion;neural networks;look up tables;empirical up-scalingmodel inversionEmpirical up-scalingAtmospheric radiative transfer codeslook up tablesRadiative transferModel inversion021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMathematicsRemote sensingArtificial neural networkCanopy water contentQHyperspectral imagingInversion (meteorology)Sigmoid functionSpectral bandsempirical up-scaling15. Life on landneural networks[SDE]Environmental SciencesGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesLook up tablescanopy water contentNeural networkscanopy water content; model inversion; neural networks; look up tables; empirical up-scaling; CHRIS/PROBA
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Basin analysis in the Southern Tethyan margin: Facies sequences, stratal pattern and subsidence history highlight extension-to-inversion processes in…

2018

Abstract In the Mediterranean, the South-Tethys paleomargin experienced polyphased tectonic episodes and paleoenvironmental perturbations during Mesozoic time. The Cretaceous shallow-water carbonate successions of the Panormide platform, outcropping in the northern edge of the Palermo Mountains (NW Sicily), were studied by integrating facies and stratal pattern with backstripping analysis to recognize the tectonics vs. carbonate sedimentation interaction. The features of the Requienid limestone, including geometric configuration, facies sequence, lithological changes and significance of the top-unconformity, highlight that at the end of the Lower Cretaceous the carbonate platform was tecton…

010506 paleontologySettore GEO/02 - Geologia Stratigrafica E SedimentologicaNW SicilyCarbonate platformVertical movementStratigraphyInversion (geology)Geology010502 geochemistry & geophysicsCretaceou01 natural sciencesCretaceousCarbonate platformchemistry.chemical_compoundPaleontologyTectonicschemistryFaciesSedimentary basin analysisCarbonateExtensional tectonicsPositive tectonic inversionGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSedimentary Geology
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Ancient DNA reveals the Arctic origin of Viking Age cod from Haithabu, Germany

2017

Knowledge of the range and chronology of historic trade and long-distance transport of natural resources is essential for determining the impacts of past human activities on marine environments. However, the specific biological sources of imported fauna are often difficult to identify, in particular if species have a wide spatial distribution and lack clear osteological or isotopic differentiation between populations. Here, we report that ancient fish-bone remains, despite being porous, brittle, and light, provide an excellent source of endogenous DNA (15-46%) of sufficient quality for whole-genome reconstruction. By comparing ancient sequence data to that of modern specimens, we determine …

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineFishingPopulationchromosomal inversionFisheriesContext (language use)fish bone010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesBone and Bones03 medical and health sciencesGermanygenomicsGadusAnimalsDNA AncienteducationAtlantic OceanEcosystemeducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinarybiologyGeographyEcologyArctic RegionsFossilsNorwayhigh-throughput sequencingBiological Sciencesbiology.organism_classificationHistory MedievalUnited Kingdom030104 developmental biologyGeographyAncient DNAArcticGadus morhuaViking AgeAtlantic codtrade
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A roadmap for understanding the evolutionary significance of structural genomic variation

2020

Author's accepted manuscript Structural genomic variants (SVs) take diverse forms and are ubiquitous drivers of ecological and evolutionary processes. Most studies of SVs focus on the adaptive significance of gene duplications and large inversions. Future studies should catalog SVs of all types and sizes and systematically test their evolutionary implications. We propose a roadmap and definitions for the study of SVs in ecological and evolutionary genomics. Best practices for SV detection are needed to facilitate comparisons across studies. Integrating population genomic, theoretical, and experimental approaches to SVs will more comprehensively characterize genomic variation, uncover the ad…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineFuture studiesEvolutionary significanceGenomicsCommon frameworkVariation (game tree)BiologyAdaptation PhysiologicalBiological Evolution010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesPopulation genomics03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyEvolutionary biologyChromosome InversionGenetic algorithmHumansMetagenomicsCopy-number variationAdaptationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsVDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480
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Disentangling structural genomic and behavioural barriers in a sea of connectivity

2019

18 pages, 4 tables, 3 figures.-- This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineSympatryReproductive IsolationChromosomal rearrangementsPopulation010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesGene flow03 medical and health sciencesBehavioural traitsGeneticsAnimalsGadus14. Life underwaterSelection GeneticAdaptationeducationEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicseducation.field_of_studySympatric divergencebiologyGenetic DriftHomozygoteGenetic VariationReproductive isolationbiology.organism_classificationSpecial Issue on the Role of Genomic Structural Variants in Adaptation and DiversificationGene flowGenetic divergenceSympatrySpecial Issue: The Role of Genomic Structural Variants in Adaptation and Diversification030104 developmental biologyGadus morhuaSympatric speciationEvolutionary biologyAtlantic codChromosome InversionGenetic FitnessAtlantic cod
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Childhood supratentorial ependymomas with YAP1-MAMLD1 fusion: an entity with characteristic clinical, radiological, cytogenetic and histopathological…

2018

Ependymoma with YAP1-MAMLD1 fusion is a rare, recently described supratentorial neoplasm of childhood, with few cases published so far. We report on 15 pediatric patients with ependymomas carrying YAP1-MAMLD1 fusions, with their characteristic histopathology, immunophenotype and molecular/cytogenetic, radiological and clinical features. The YAP1-MAMLD1 fusion was documented by RT-PCR/Sanger sequencing, and tumor genomes were studied by molecular inversion probe (MIP) analysis. Significant copy number alterations were identified by GISTIC (Genomic Identification of Significant Targets in Cancer) analysis. All cases showed similar histopathological features including areas of high cellularity…

0301 basic medicineEpendymomaSanger sequencingPathologymedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceSupratentorial NeoplasmLocus (genetics)medicine.diseaseMolecular Inversion ProbePathology and Forensic Medicine03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineImmunophenotypingmedicinesymbolsHistopathologyNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusinessAnaplasia030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBrain Pathology
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